As part of a reorganization of agencies within the U.S. government in 1965, the country’s Weather Bureau becomes part of ESSA, the Environmental Science Services Administration, and is placed under the Department of Commerce. All weather prediction and analysis is now under the jurisdiction of ESSA, including a growing fleet of weather satellites operated jointly by ESSA and NASA. The agency will be renamed the National Oceanic & Atmospheric Administration in 1970.
Mariner 4 successfully passes by Mars at a distance of just over 6,000 miles, and transmits the first direct measurements of the Martian environment to Earth, along with the first pictures ever taken of another planet from a nearby spacecraft. Mariner 4’s onboard instruments detect a thin atmosphere – thin enough that any future landing attempts will need to descend on retro rockets, but thick enough that a heat shield is still necessary. These findings have a ripple effect on NASA’s plans for a robotic Mars lander. After its flyby of Mars, Mariner 4 continues on into deep space.
The 80th episode of Doctor Who airs on the BBC. This is part three of the story now collectively known as The Time Meddler. This is the first time we meet another one of the Doctor’s people, with his own TARDIS, and the last Doctor Who story to be produced by the series’ original producer, Verity Lambert.
This timeline entry leads to an entry covering this entire Doctor Who serial; there are plans to write new episodic entries in the future. You can support this effort!
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The Australian Broadcasting Corporation airs the 11th episode of the science fiction series The Stranger, starring Ron Haddrick. Scenes are filmed on the actual dish of the Parkes Radio Telescope.
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The Soviet Union launches Zond 3, an unmanned spacecraft nearly identical to the failed Mars-bound space probe Zond 2, on a trajectory that will swing past the moon on its way to interplanetary space. It would make its closest flyby to the moon on July 20th, 1965, four years to the day prior to the first manned lunar landing, taking photos of the far side of the moon as it heads into deep space. Zond 3 proceeds on a trajectory toward the orbit of Mars, even though it will be too far away from the planet to study it.
Filming begins on a nearly-unprecedented second pilot episode of Gene Roddenberry’s Star Trek at the request of NBC, which saw promise (but not enough action) in The Cage. When Jeffrey Hunter declines to return to the role of Captain Christopher Pike, the character is renamed (Captain James R. Kirk) and recast (in the person of well-regarded Canadian actor William Shatner). The first edit of the new episode, Where No Man Has Gone Before, features a completely different musical theme (again by Alexander Courage) and other oddities, such as Quinn-Martin-Productions-style “Act” and “Tonight’s Episode” banners at the top of each act of the show, as well as evidence that the names of the characters played by George Takei and James Doohan had yet to be decided.
The 81st episode of Doctor Who airs on the BBC. This is part four of the story now collectively known as The Time Meddler. This is the first time we meet another one of the Doctor’s people, with his own TARDIS, and the last Doctor Who story to be produced by the series’ original producer, Verity Lambert. This episode concludes Doctor Who’s second season.
This timeline entry leads to an entry covering this entire Doctor Who serial; there are plans to write new episodic entries in the future. You can support this effort!
Order Earl Green’s book VWORP!1 from theLogBook.com Store
The Australian Broadcasting Corporation airs the 12th and final episode of the science fiction series The Stranger, starring Ron Haddrick.
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Gemini 5 lifts off on the first manned spaceflight to last over a week, breaking the previous record held by the Soviet crew of Vostok 5; the eight-day flight is crucial in proving that humans could function for the minimum amount of time that a flight to the moon and back again would take. Instead of short-lived batteries, Gemini 5 is the first American spacecraft powered by fuel cells, another important step toward longer flights to the moon. The crew consists of Gordon Cooper and Pete Conrad.
The feature film Dr. Who and the Daleks, an adaptation of the earliest Doctor Who television stories for the big screen, premieres in British theaters, starring Peter Cushing, Roy Castle, Jennie Linden, and Roberta Tovey. It is the first Doctor Who production of any kind to be filmed in color, but sits comfortably outside the rest of Doctor Who lore and does well enough at the box office for a sequel to be set into motion. 
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The 82nd episode of Doctor Who airs on the BBC. This is part one of the story now collectively known as Galaxy Four, the first story of the series’ third season. As of this episode, John Wiles becomes the second producer of Doctor Who, after Verity Lambert gives up the job of creatively guiding the series. This episode is missing from the BBC’s archives. (more…)
Toho releases 
The first episode of Irwin Allen’s science fiction series Lost In Space premieres on CBS, starring Guy Williams, June Lockhart, and Jonathan Harris. 
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The 83rd episode of Doctor Who airs on the BBC. This is part one of the story now collectively known as Galaxy Four, the first story of the series’ third season. This episode is missing from the BBC’s archives.
This timeline entry leads to an entry covering this entire Doctor Who serial; there are plans to write new episodic entries in the future. You can support this effort!
Order Earl Green’s book VWORP!1 from theLogBook.com Store
The 33nd episode of Irwin Allen’s adventure series Voyage To The Bottom Of The Sea airs on ABC, starring Richard Basehart and David Hedison. Gia Scalia guest stars in the second season premiere, and the first episode of the series to be broadcast in color.
This series is not yet chronicled in the LogBook. You could join theLogBook team and write this guide or support the webmaster’s efforts to expand the site.
The second episode of Irwin Allen’s science fiction series Lost In Space premieres on CBS, starring Guy Williams, June Lockhart, and Jonathan Harris.
The 84th episode of Doctor Who airs on the BBC. This is part three of the story now collectively known as Galaxy Four, the first story of the series’ third season. Previously missing from the BBC’s archives, a complete copy of this episode was recovered in 2011.
This timeline entry leads to an entry covering this entire Doctor Who serial; there are plans to write new episodic entries in the future. You can support this effort!
Order Earl Green’s book VWORP!1 from theLogBook.com Store
The 34th episode of Irwin Allen’s adventure series Voyage To The Bottom Of The Sea airs on ABC, starring Richard Basehart and David Hedison. Ina Balin guest stars.
This series is not yet chronicled in the LogBook. You could join theLogBook team and write this guide or support the webmaster’s efforts to expand the site.
British broadcaster ABC airs the 79th episode of the spy-fi series The Avengers, starring Patrick Macnee and Diana Rigg. This is the premiere of the series’ fourth season, and the first season to be shot on film rather than videotape.
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The third episode of Irwin Allen’s science fiction series Lost In Space premieres on CBS, starring Guy Williams, June Lockhart, and Jonathan Harris.
UK broadcaster ATV Midlands premieres the first episode of Gerry Anderson’s science fiction series Thunderbirds, featuring the voices of Shane Rimmer, David Graham, Sylvia Anderson, Ray Barrett, and Peter Dyneley. The series is filmed with puppets on detailed miniature sets, with “exteriors” involving equally detailed miniature models a system Anderson refers to as “Supermarionation”, also used on such past series as Supercar, Fireball XL5, and Stingray.
This series is not yet chronicled in the LogBook. You could join theLogBook team and write this guide or support the webmaster’s efforts to expand the site.
The 85th episode of Doctor Who airs on the BBC. This is part one of the story now collectively known as Galaxy Four, the first story of the series’ third season. This episode is missing from the BBC’s archives.
This timeline entry leads to an entry covering this entire Doctor Who serial; there are plans to write new episodic entries in the future. You can support this effort!
Order Earl Green’s book VWORP!1 from theLogBook.com Store
The 35th episode of Irwin Allen’s adventure series Voyage To The Bottom Of The Sea airs on ABC, starring Richard Basehart and David Hedison. Philip Pine guest stars.
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The Soviet Union launches unmanned space probe Luna 7 to land on the moon, having spent months analyzing the failed flights of Luna 5 and 6 and implementing safeguards against those failures. Unforuntately, however, a different technical problem strikes Luna 7 just hours away from the moon’s surface, preventing it from firing its braking rockets. Luna 7 does reach the moon, but not at a survivable speed, crashing into the surface very close to its intended landing site.
BBC2 premieres the first episode of a new science fiction anthology series, Out Of The Unknown, produced by former Out Of This World script editor (and protege of Doctor Who creator Sydney Newman) Irene Shubik. Adapted by Stanley Miller from a story by John Wyndham, the story stars Terence Morgan. (more…)
British broadcaster ABC airs the 80th episode of the spy-fi series The Avengers, starring Patrick Macnee and Diana Rigg. Caroline Blakiston (Return Of The Jedi) and Wanda Ventham (UFO) guest star.
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The fourth episode of Irwin Allen’s science fiction series Lost In Space premieres on CBS, starring Guy Williams, June Lockhart, and Jonathan Harris.
UK broadcaster ATV Midlands airs the second episode of Gerry Anderson’s Supermarionation science fiction series Thunderbirds, featuring the voices of Shane Rimmer, David Graham, Sylvia Anderson, Ray Barrett, and Peter Dyneley.
This series is not yet chronicled in the LogBook. You could join theLogBook team and write this guide or support the webmaster’s efforts to expand the site.
The 86th episode of Doctor Who airs on the BBC. This is the only self-contained, single-episode story of entire original series, and the only one to feature neither the Doctor nor his companions. It is essentially an episode-length teaser for the upcoming 12-part story The Daleks’ Master Plan. This episode is missing from the BBC’s archives. (more…)
BBC2 airs the second episode of science fiction anthology series Out Of The Unknown. Adapted by Philip Broadley from a story by Alan Nourse, the story stars Alan Davion and David Hemmings. (more…)
British broadcaster ABC airs the 81st episode of the spy-fi series The Avengers, starring Patrick Macnee and Diana Rigg. This episode introduces one of the series’ signature recurring villains.
More about The Avengers in the LogBook and theLogBook.com Store
The fifth episode of Irwin Allen’s science fiction series Lost In Space premieres on CBS, starring Guy Williams, June Lockhart, and Jonathan Harris.
UK broadcaster ATV Midlands airs the third episode of Gerry Anderson’s Supermarionation science fiction series Thunderbirds, featuring the voices of Shane Rimmer, David Graham, Sylvia Anderson, Ray Barrett, and Peter Dyneley.
This series is not yet chronicled in the LogBook. You could join theLogBook team and write this guide or support the webmaster’s efforts to expand the site.
The 87th episode of Doctor Who airs on the BBC. This is part one of the story now collectively known as The Myth Makers. This episode is missing from the BBC’s archives. (more…)
The 36th episode of Irwin Allen’s adventure series Voyage To The Bottom Of The Sea airs on ABC, starring Richard Basehart and David Hedison. Victor Buono (Batman, Man From Atlantis) and Brooke Bundy guest star.
This series is not yet chronicled in the LogBook. You could join theLogBook team and write this guide or support the webmaster’s efforts to expand the site.